Parashat Pekudei (Exodus 38:21-40:38) (Parashat Vayakhel and Parashat Pekudei are often read together in the same week, in a non leap Jewish year. See https://aish.com/double-torah-portion/.) Exodus 38 (continued) 38:27 And of the hundred talents of silver were cast the sockets of the sanctuary, and the sockets of the vail; an hundred sockets of the… Continue reading My notes on Pekudei
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(出40)通往金牙边冠冕之路
(出40)通往金牙边冠冕之路 (本文原型笔者曾刊登于以马内利社区) 我们在出埃及记37章看到一个镶着金牙边的约柜(出37:1-2),里面装着法版(出40:20),上面刻着主的话语(申10:4-5)。本章(出40)我们看到主的一个相关的命令,很奇特,要用一个幔子将约柜遮掩: (出40:1-3) “耶 和 华 晓 谕 摩 西 说 , 正 月 初 一 日 , 你 要 立 起 帐 幕 , 把 法 柜 安 放 在 里 面 , 用 幔 子 将 柜 遮 掩 。” 关于约柜,犹太人注意到了很多基督徒没有注意到的一个细节,就是圣所与至圣所中有三样“家具”镶着金牙边,分别是陈设饼桌,香坛,和约柜。犹太人将它们分别解释为君王,祭司,与圣言的冠冕[1]。虽然犹太人有很多优点,但是基督徒也能看到犹太拉比的解经有很多问题[2]。这些问题的根源,是犹太人因为怕被基督徒同化,就在解经时反对或避免提到新约与耶稣。 然而,如果不谈新约,具体在约柜的金牙边的解经上,就会产生这样一个矛盾。犹太人认为这个金牙边象征主的话Torah,并且这个冠冕与君王祭司的世袭冠冕不同,是一个人人可以得到的冠冕。这听上去很励志,但是, 镶着金牙边的约柜是在至圣所的幔子内(出40:3),常人不能进,进去会有死亡的危险!连大祭司也只能在赎罪日献了赎罪祭才能进去,参见(利16:1-3): “亚 伦 的 两 个… Continue reading (出40)通往金牙边冠冕之路
My notes on Vayakhel
Parashat Vayakhel (Exodus 35:1-38:20) (Parashat Vayakhel and the subsequent Parashat Pekudei are often read together in the same week, in a non leap Jewish year. See https://aish.com/double-torah-portion/.) Exodus 35 35:3 Ye shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the sabbath day. Comment: Jews don’t cook with fire on Sabbath. Instead they have cooked… Continue reading My notes on Vayakhel
My notes on Ki Tisa
Parashat Ki Tisa (Exodus 30:11-34:35) Exodus 30 (continued) 30:20 When they go into the tabernacle of the congregation, they shall wash with water, that they die not; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to burn offering made by fire unto the LORD: Comment: Jews still wash hands ritually before praying.… Continue reading My notes on Ki Tisa
My notes on Tetzaveh
Parashat Tetzaveh (Exodus 27:20-30:10) Exodus 27 (continued) 27:20 And thou shalt command the children of Israel, that they bring thee pure oil olive beaten for the light, to cause the lamp to burn always. Comment: Gd’s chosen people is likened by oil in the following ways: (See, e.g., https://www.chabad.org/parshah/article_cdo/aid/259742/jewish/Jews-and-Oil.htm) (1) It gathers together. (See… Continue reading My notes on Tetzaveh
My notes on Terumah
Parashat Terumah (Exodus 25:1-27:19) Exodus 25 25:8 And let them make me a sanctuary; that I may dwell among them. Comment: “that I may dwell” (vshachanti in Hebrew): this is the goal of building a sanctuary. The Hebrew word “dwell” is related to shechinah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekhinah, which can denote the presence of Gd. Gd’s present… Continue reading My notes on Terumah
My notes on Mishpatim
Parashat Mishpatim (Exodus 21-24) Exodus 21 21:1 Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them. Comments: After the giving of the 10 commandments, Gd taught many detailed laws. “judgments”: mishpatim in Hebrew, means Torah laws that make common sense. https://torah.org/torah-portion/ravfrand-5757-behar/ This is in contrast to chukim (“ordinances”, such as the red… Continue reading My notes on Mishpatim
My notes on Yitro
Parashat Yitro (Exodus 18-20) Exodus18 18:1 When Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses’ father in law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel his people, and that the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt; Comment: This portion of weekly Torah reading is named “Yitro (Jethro)”, which contains the… Continue reading My notes on Yitro
My notes on Beshalach
Parashat Beshalach (Exodus 13:17-17:16) Exodus 13 (continued) 13:18 But God led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt. Comment : “ … led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of …… Continue reading My notes on Beshalach
My notes on Bo
Parashat Bo (Exodus 10:1-13:16) Exodus 10 10:3 And Moses and Aaron came in unto Pharaoh, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, How long wilt thou refuse to humble thyself before me? let my people go, that they may serve me. Comment: “let my people go”: This phrase also… Continue reading My notes on Bo
My notes on Vaeira
Parashat Vaeira (Exodus 6:2-9:35) Exodus 6 (continued) 6:23 And Aaron took him Elisheba, daughter of Amminadab, sister of Naashon, to wife; and she bare him Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar. Comment: The Bible talks about many families and relatives serving in Gd’s big plan. Relatives may have more natural communications with each… Continue reading My notes on Vaeira
My notes on Shemot
Parashat Shemot (Exodus 1:1-6:1) Exodus 1 1:17 But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the men children alive. Comment: When one has to choose between obeying Gd or obeying a human being, it is better to choose the former. 1:19 And… Continue reading My notes on Shemot
(出03)旧约里三位一体的影子
很多人认为旧约的耶和华是表示天父,新约的耶稣是圣子。甚至有一些被认为异端的看法,认为耶稣是比耶和华小的神或天使。这方面几千年来都有很微妙的神学争论,甚至又聪明又敬虔的大科学家都可能犯错误,所以我不能说我说的就正确或全面或是创新,我只是借助我们正在学习的一段经文,与大家分享一些读经时对这些神学观念所引出的一些看法。 出 埃 及 记 3:1 摩 西 牧 养 他 岳 父 米 甸 祭 司 叶 忒 罗 的 羊 群 , 一 日 领 羊 群 往 野 外 去 , 到 了 神 的 山 , 就 是 何 烈 山 。 3:2 耶 和 华 的 使 者… Continue reading (出03)旧约里三位一体的影子
My notes on Vayechi
Parashat Vayechi (Genesis 47:28-50:26) Genesis 47 (continued) 47:30 But I will lie with my fathers, and thou shalt carry me out of Egypt, and bury me in their buryingplace. And he said, I will do as thou hast said. Comment: “thou shalt carry me out of Egypt, and bury me …”: Joseph should… Continue reading My notes on Vayechi
(创45)作喜爱圣经的人
(创45)作喜爱圣经的人 (根据Rashi解经记载的雅各) 犹太的解经演义midrash是一种特殊文化,它一般利用圣经经文演绎成一个故事,主要目的不是推断历史真相,而是教导人。这有点像三国演义里的诸葛亮三气周瑜,本身不一定是历史,但是和历史人物和时间衔接起来,教导人不要气量狭小等功课。犹太解经演义因为与圣经有关,常常教导的是与灵命长进有关的功课。 我这里主要介绍Rashi解经【1】里的记载,里面把雅各描写成一个喜爱圣经的人. (Rashi解释创25:22“孩 子 们 在 她 腹 中 彼 此 相 争 ,…”, 原文的相争与‘跑’有关。)从还在娘胎时,经过还活着的闪(洪水前出生)和希伯(造巴别塔前出生)所开办的查经班时,雅各就激动地想跑出去学圣经(应该是口传的圣经前型),而在同一个娘肚子里的以扫则在经过拜偶像的地方激动地想跑过去。 (Rashi解经创25:27“雅 各 为 人 安 静 , 常 住 在 帐 棚 里 ”)雅各少年时常去闪和希伯查经班的帐棚学习。 (Rashi解经创28:9推导了年龄)雅各离家后去亚兰地娶妻之前,先去当时还活着的希伯那里的查经班学了14年圣经。 创46:29说 “约 瑟 套 车 往 歌 珊 去 , 迎 接 他 父 亲 以 色 列 , 及 至 见 了… Continue reading (创45)作喜爱圣经的人